Difference between revisions of "Crimes against Humanity"

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'''Crime Against Humanity''' means any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack.
  
== Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ==
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===Murder===
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The unlawful killing of another human being.
  
===Preamble===
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===Extermination===
  The States Parties to this Statute,
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The intentional infliction of conditions of life, inter alia the deprivation of access to food and medicine, calculated to bring about the destruction of part of a population.
  
Conscious that all peoples are united by common bonds, their cultures pieced together in a shared heritage, and concerned that this delicate mosaic may be shattered at any time,
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===Enslavement===
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The exercise of any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership over a person and includes the exercise of such power in the course of trafficking in persons, in particular women and children.
  
Mindful that during this century millions of children, women and men have been victims of unimaginable atrocities that deeply shock the conscience of humanity,
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===Deportation or forcible transfer of population===
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Forced displacement of the persons concerned by expulsion or other coercive acts from the area in which they are lawfully present, without grounds permitted under international law.
  
Recognizing that such grave crimes threaten the peace, security and well-being of the world,
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===Imprisonment===
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Severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law.
  
        Affirming that the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole must not go unpunished and that their effective prosecution must be ensured by taking measures at the national level and by enhancing international cooperation,
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===Torture===
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The intentional infliction of severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, upon a person in the custody or under the control of the accused; except that torture shall not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to, lawful sanctions.
  
        Determined to put an end to impunity for the perpetrators of these crimes and thus to contribute to the prevention of such crimes,
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===Sexual Violence===
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*Rape
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*Sexual Slavery
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*Enforced Prostitution
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*Forced pregnancy
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**The unlawful confinement of a woman forcibly made pregnant, with the intent of affecting the ethnic composition of any population or carrying out other grave violations of international law.
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*Enforced Sterilization
  
        Recalling that it is the duty of every State to exercise its criminal jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes,
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===Persecution Against Any Identifiable Group or Collectivity===
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'''Persecution''' is the intentional and severe deprivation of fundamental rights contrary to international law by reason of the identity of the group or collectivity on any of these grounds:
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*Political
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*Racial
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*National
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*Ethnic
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*Cultural
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*Religious
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*Gender
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**The term "gender" refers to the two sexes, male and female, within the context of society.
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*Other grounds that are universally recognized as impermissible under international law
  
        Reaffirming the Purposes and Principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and in particular that all States shall refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations,
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===Enforced disappearance of persons===
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The arrest, detention or abduction of persons by, or with the authorization, support or acquiescence of, a State or a political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge that deprivation of freedom or to give information on the fate or whereabouts of those persons, with the intention of removing them from the protection of the law for a prolonged period of time.
  
        Emphasizing in this connection that nothing in this Statute shall be taken as authorizing any State Party to intervene in an armed conflict or in the internal affairs of any State,
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===The Crime of Apartheid===
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Inhumane acts committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime.
  
        Determined to these ends and for the sake of present and future generations, to establish an independent permanent International Criminal Court in relationship with the United Nations system, with jurisdiction over the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole,
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===Other inhumane acts of a similar character===
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intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health.
  
        Emphasizing that the International Criminal Court established under this Statute shall be complementary to national criminal jurisdictions,
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== Notes ==
  
        Resolved to guarantee lasting respect for and the enforcement of international justice,
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*'''Attack directed against any civilian population''' means a course of conduct involving the multiple commission of acts referred to above targeting against any civilian population, pursuant to or in furtherance of a State or organizational policy to commit such attack;
  
        Have agreed as follows
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----
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See [[Crimes]]

Latest revision as of 10:28, 27 July 2010

Crime Against Humanity means any of the following acts when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack.

Murder

The unlawful killing of another human being.

Extermination

The intentional infliction of conditions of life, inter alia the deprivation of access to food and medicine, calculated to bring about the destruction of part of a population.

Enslavement

The exercise of any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership over a person and includes the exercise of such power in the course of trafficking in persons, in particular women and children.

Deportation or forcible transfer of population

Forced displacement of the persons concerned by expulsion or other coercive acts from the area in which they are lawfully present, without grounds permitted under international law.

Imprisonment

Severe deprivation of physical liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law.

Torture

The intentional infliction of severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, upon a person in the custody or under the control of the accused; except that torture shall not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to, lawful sanctions.

Sexual Violence

  • Rape
  • Sexual Slavery
  • Enforced Prostitution
  • Forced pregnancy
    • The unlawful confinement of a woman forcibly made pregnant, with the intent of affecting the ethnic composition of any population or carrying out other grave violations of international law.
  • Enforced Sterilization

Persecution Against Any Identifiable Group or Collectivity

Persecution is the intentional and severe deprivation of fundamental rights contrary to international law by reason of the identity of the group or collectivity on any of these grounds:

  • Political
  • Racial
  • National
  • Ethnic
  • Cultural
  • Religious
  • Gender
    • The term "gender" refers to the two sexes, male and female, within the context of society.
  • Other grounds that are universally recognized as impermissible under international law

Enforced disappearance of persons

The arrest, detention or abduction of persons by, or with the authorization, support or acquiescence of, a State or a political organization, followed by a refusal to acknowledge that deprivation of freedom or to give information on the fate or whereabouts of those persons, with the intention of removing them from the protection of the law for a prolonged period of time.

The Crime of Apartheid

Inhumane acts committed in the context of an institutionalized regime of systematic oppression and domination by one racial group over any other racial group or groups and committed with the intention of maintaining that regime.

Other inhumane acts of a similar character

intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health.

Notes

  • Attack directed against any civilian population means a course of conduct involving the multiple commission of acts referred to above targeting against any civilian population, pursuant to or in furtherance of a State or organizational policy to commit such attack;



See Crimes