Difference between revisions of "International Law"

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* [[Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide]]
 
* [[Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide]]
 
* [[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]
 
* [[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]
* [[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]
+
* [[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty]]
 
* [[International Covenant for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance]]
 
* [[International Covenant for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance]]
 
* [[Common Article 3 of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocols I and II]]
 
* [[Common Article 3 of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocols I and II]]

Revision as of 13:59, 1 May 2012

Courts

International Instruments

Background

Since the United Nations was founded in 1945, the various states have drafted several tools to facilitate international law.

Several of those international tools are listed here, with a focus on criminal justice, rights of the accused, prohibition of torture and prisoners’ rights contained within, and cites the section of each document. Please, note that only the provisions relevant to these issues are selected. By concern of clarity, some articles are not quoted in their original version but their content is summarized. It also provides which country ratified, signed or otherwise adopted each specific treaty and when.

Note that declarations, principles, guidelines and rules have no binding legal effect, but provide member states with a standard, and advisory or moral force and provide practical guidance to states in their conduct. Hence there is hereforth no reference to signing or ratification. However, covenants, conventions, statutes, and protocols are legally binding for those states that sign and then ratify or accede to them. By signing a convention, a state expresses its intention to become a party to the convention. However, signature does not oblige a state to take further action towards ratification. Ratification involves the legal obligation for the state to apply the convention. It is reserved for Member States (although there are some exceptions).

Torture

Binding Instruments

UN General Assembly Declarations

Prisoner's Rights and Sentencing Standards

UN General Assembly Declarations

UN ECOSOC Resolutions

Children's Rights

Binding Instruments

UN General Assembly Declarations

Other

Binding Instruments

UN General Assembly Declarations

UN ECOSOC Resolutions

UN Congresses

Regional Instruments

African

American

Arab

European

Asian

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