Presumption of Innocence

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International Sources

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

Article 14 (2)

Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Article 11 (1)

Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.

Examples of Presumption of Innocence

Cambodia

  • The accused shall be considered innocent until the court has judged finally on the case (art. 38 Constitution)

China

India

Rwanda

Zimbabwe